Ok Eric,
By using the jumper cables, you were bypassing the ENTIRE electrical system, but, by doing so we learned two things. We learned that the starter is good, and that the battery is good. Or, at least the older battery you used. Yes, it is possible that you just ran the new one dead. Although they are supposed to be, a new battery is seldom fully charged.
Where to go from here:
Now we need to do some testing. Do you own a test light? And a multi-meter?
IMG_20130720_205724.jpg
If you don't, go to a parts store tomorrow and buy them. You can get an analog multi-meter for about 10$-$15 and a test light shouldn't even be $10. We can probably get by without the multi-meter for now, but we really need the test light.
You don't have to thank me so much....... it isn't fixed
YET.