That spring may cause surging, but usually it's caused by one of the small passages in the carb blocked. The spring helps to control the response of the governor so that it generally won't run-away at high speed if the governor fails.
It's basically a safety return spring because most modern carbs no longer have a throttle plate return spring. If the governor fails the engine may run away, and that little spring would help return it to idle or cut off position.
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